Õý°æ²¶ÓãÓÎÏ·¹Ù·½ÍøÕ¾´óÈ«

²¡ÇéÆÀ¹À£ºÄãºÃ£¬¸ù¾ÝÄãËùÊöÇé¿öÀ´¿´µÄ»°£¬Õâ¸öÒ»°ãÊDz»Äܹ»±£Ö¤ÍêÈ«µÄ»Ö¸´µÄ°¡£¬½¨ÒéÄú»¹µÃÓÃһЩ¿¹ÉúËØ£¬ÅäºÏ׿¤ËØÀàµÄÒ©Îï½øÐÐÕý°æ²¶ÓãÓÎÏ·¹Ù·½ÍøÕ¾´óÈ«£¬»òÕßÊÇ´òµãµÎ½øÐÐÕý°æ²¶ÓãÓÎÏ·¹Ù·½ÍøÕ¾´óÈ«µÄ£¬¿ØÖƲ¡ÇéµÄ·¢Õ¹£¬ÑÏÖØµÄÇé¿öÏÂÊÇÐèÒª¿¼ÂÇÊÖÊõµÄ£¬Æ½Ê±»¹Òª×¢Òâ¶àÐÝÏ¢£¬²»Òª¹ý¶ÈµÄÀÍÀÛ£¬ÒûʳÉÏ»¹ÊÇÇ嵭һЩ£¬²»ÄܳԴ̼¤ÐÔµÄʳÎï¡£

¶­Ê¤Àû
¶­Ê¤Àû ¸±Ö÷ÈÎҽʦ Íâ¿Æ ɽÎ÷Ò½¿Æ´óѧµÚ¶þÕý°æ²¶ÓãÓÎÏ·¹Ù·½ÍøÕ¾ÏÂÔØ
É󤣺¸ÎÔàÊÖÊõ£¬µ¨µÀ΢´´ÊÖÊõ£¬¸ÎÓ²»¯ÃÅÂö¸ßѹ֢ÊÖÊõ£¬Î¸³¦µÀÊÖÊõ£¬¸´ÔÓðÞÊÖÊõ£¬¼××´ÏÙÊÖÊõ¡£

²¡ÇéÆÀ¹À£ºÊÓÉñ¾­¼¹ËèÑ×£¨NMO£©ÊÇÒ»ÖÖ¼±ÐÔ»òÑǼ±ÐÔÍÑËèÇʼ²²¡£¬ÆäÖÐÊÓÉñ¾­ºÍ¼¹Ëèͬʱ»òÁ¬Ðø²ÎÓë¡£ÕâÖÖ¼²²¡×î³õÓÉDEVIC£¨1894£©ÃèÊö¡£ÆäÁÙ´²ÌØÕ÷Ϊ¼±ÐÔ»òÑǼ±ÐÔµ¥ÑÛ»òË«ÑÛʧÃ÷£¬ÔÚµÚÒ»Ìì»òµÚ¶þÌì»òµÚ¶þÖܰéÓкáÐлòÉÏÐÐÐÔ¼¹ËèÑס£ºóÀ´£¬ÕâÖÖ¼²²¡±»³ÆÎªÉ豸²¡»òÉ豸×ÛºÏÖ¢¡£Êý¾ÝÏÔʾ£¬ÔÚËùÓÐÍÑËèÇʼ²²¡ÖУ¬NMOÕ¼1%ÖÁ22%£¬ÔÚÎ÷·½¹ú¼Ò½ÏµÍ£¬ÔڷǸ߼ÓË÷µØÇø½Ï¸ß¡£

ÑîÎÀÖÒ
ÑîÎÀÖÒ Ö÷ÈÎҽʦ Íâ¿Æ ¸£½¨Ò½¿Æ´óѧ¸½ÊôЭºÍÕý°æ²¶ÓãÓÎÏ·¹Ù·½ÍøÕ¾ÏÂÔØ
É󤣺Ö÷ÒªÑо¿Éñ¾­ÏµÍ³¼²»¼µÄÕï¶ÏºÍÕý°æ²¶ÓãÓÎÏ·¹Ù·½ÍøÕ¾´óÈ«£¬ÓÈÆäÊÇÏÔ΢ÊÖÊõµÈ΢´´Õý°æ²¶ÓãÓÎÏ·¹Ù·½ÍøÕ¾´óÈ«Éñ¾­ÏµÍ³´´ÉË¡¢Ö×ÁöºÍѪ¹ÜÐÔ¼²²¡¡£

²¡Çé·ÖÎö£ºÊÇÉñ¾­¼¹ËèÑ׻ᵼÖ»¼ÕßÊÓÉñ¾­Ë𺦣¬¼¹ËèË𺦣¬ÉÙÊý»¼Õß»á³öÏÖÊÓÉñ¾­ºÍ¼¹ËèÍâÖ¢×´¡£½¨Òé·½°¸£ºÊÓÉñ¾­¼¹ËèÑ×»¼ÕßûÓкõÄÕý°æ²¶ÓãÓÎÏ·¹Ù·½ÍøÕ¾´óÈ«·½·¨Ò»°ãͨ¹ýÌÇÆ¤Öʼ¤ËصÈÒ©ÎïÕý°æ²¶ÓãÓÎÏ·¹Ù·½ÍøÕ¾´óÈ«£¬»º½âÖ¢×´¿ØÖƲ¡Çé¡£»¼Õ߯½Ê±ÒªÑø³ÉÁ¼ºÃµÄÉú»îϰ¹ß£¬²»°¾Ò¹±£Ö¤³ä×ãµÄ˯Ãߣ¬¸ù¾Ý×ÔÉíÇé¿ö½øÐÐÖ«Ìå¶ÍÁ¶£¬·ÀÖ¹¼¡ÈâήËõ£¬¹Ø½Ú»ûÐΡ£

³Â¾ýÌî
³Â¾ýÌî Ö÷ÈÎҽʦ ÉÇÍ·´óѧҽѧԺµÚÒ»¸½ÊôÕý°æ²¶ÓãÓÎÏ·¹Ù·½ÍøÕ¾ÏÂÔØ
É󤣺賦¡¢ÒÈÍâ¿Æ¡¢ðÞÆøÐÂÁÆ·¨£¬ÖÌ´¯ÐÂÁÆ·¨£¬¾±²¿¼²²¡£¬ÈéÏÙ¼²²¡£¬¸Î¡¢µ¨¡¢¼²²¡¡£

²¡ÇéÆÀ¹À£ºÄãºÃ£¬¹ÇËèÑ×ÊÇÖ¸»¯Å§ÐÔϸ¾ú¸ÐȾ¹ÇËè¡¢¹ÇƤÖʺ͹ÇĤ£¬¶øÒýÆðµÄÑ×Ö¢ÐÔ¼²²¡¡£¶àÊýÓÉѪԴÐÔÒýÆð£¬Ò²¶àÓÉÍâÉË»òÊÖÊõ¸ÐȾÒýÆð¡£Æ½Ê±×¢Òâ±£³ÖÊÒÄÚ¿ÕÆøÁ÷ͨ¡¢Ô¤·ÀÉϺôÎüµÀ¸ÐȾµÈ¼²²¡£¬×¢Òâ¸öÈËÎÀÉúºÍ»·¾³¡£¶à³ÔЩÊ߲˺ÍË®¹û£¬¼ÓÇ¿ÌåÓý¶ÍÁ¶£¬ÔöÇ¿ÌåÖÊ¡£

ÉÛÓÀÏé
ÉÛÓÀÏé ¸±Ö÷ÈÎҽʦ Íâ¿Æ Ò˱öÊеڶþÈËÃñÕý°æ²¶ÓãÓÎÏ·¹Ù·½ÍøÕ¾ÏÂÔØ
É󤣺¶¯ÂöÁö¡¢Ñª¹Ü»ûÐΡ¢´¹ÌåÁö¡¢Èý²æÉñ¾­Í´¡¢ÌýÉñ¾­Áö¡¢ÄÔ½ºÖÊÁö¡¢ÄÔĤÁö¡¢¼¹Ëè¼²²¡¡¢Â­ÄÔËðÉË¡¢¸ßѪѹÄÔ³öѪ¡¢ÖëÍøÄ¤ÄÒÖ×µÈÉñ¾­Íâ¿Æ¼²²¡µÄÕïÖΡ£

²¡ÇéÆÀ¹À£º²¡ÇéÑÏÖØ¡£ÔçÆÚ½¨Ò黼Õß¿ÉÒÔÑ¡Ôñ»îѪÉú¼¡ÀàµÄ¸àÒ©È¥»º½âÌÛÍ´¡£¹ÇËèÑ×ÊÇÓÉÐèÑõ»òÑáÑõ¾ú¡¢·ÖÖ¦¸Ë¾ú¡¢Õæ¾úÒýÆðµÄ»¯Å§ÐÔϸ¾ú¸ÐȾ£¬ÊÇÒ»ÖֹǵĸÐȾºÍÆÆ»µ£¬ÔÚÖÐÒ½ÉϳÆÎª¸½¹Ç¾Ò»ò¸½¹ÇÁ÷¶¾¡£²¡ÇéÑÏÖØµÄʱºò£¬ºÜÓпÉÄܳöÏֹؽڻûÐεÄÖ¢×´¡£

ÓÚá¿áÉ
ÓÚá¿áÉ ¸±Ö÷ÈÎҽʦ Íâ¿Æ ±±´óÕý°æ²¶ÓãÓÎÏ·¹Ù·½ÍøÕ¾ÏÂÔØ
É󤣺¼¹ÖùÍâ¿ÆÍËÐÐÐÔ¼²²¡¡¢¼¹Öù´´ÉË¡¢ËÄÖ«´´É˵ÄÕïÖΡ£

²¡ÇéÆÀ¹À£ºÔçÆÚ¹ÇËèÑ×¶àÊýÊÇÓÉÓÚÍâÉËËùÒýÆð£¬Í¨³£¶à¼ûÓÚ¿ª·ÅÐÔ¹ÇÕÛ£¬¶àÊýÊÇÓÉÓÚÇå´´²»³¹µ×£¬´´¿ÚÇøÎÛȾÑÏÖØ£¬³£¼ûµÄÊÇ½ð»ÆÆÏÌÑÇò¾ú¡£Ö÷Òª±íÏÖµÄÊǾֲ¿ÌÛÍ´£¬·¢ÉÕ³ÖÐø¸ßÈÈ£¾39¡ã¡£³éѪ»¯Ñé°×ϸ°ûÉý¸ß¡£×öѪÅàÑø¿¹ÉúËØÒ©ÃôʵÑé¡£¾Ö²¿µÄ·Ö²ã´©´Ì¡£±ØÒªÊ±ÐèÒª×öºË´Å¹²Õñ£¬¾ßÓÐÔçÆÚÕï¶ÏµÄ¼ÛÖµ¡£Í¨³£ÔÚÆð²¡°ë¸öÔÂÄÚ·ÅÉäÏßûÓÐÒì³£µÄ·¢ÏÖ¡£ÐèÒªµ½Õý°æ²¶ÓãÓÎÏ·¹Ù·½ÍøÕ¾ÏÂÔØÈ¥Ã÷È·Õï¶Ï£¬È»ºóÓ¦Óÿ¹ÉúËØÔçÆÚÕý°æ²¶ÓãÓÎÏ·¹Ù·½ÍøÕ¾´óÈ«¡£¼õÇá²¢·¢Ö¢¡£

ÑîÎÀÖÒ
ÑîÎÀÖÒ Ö÷ÈÎҽʦ Íâ¿Æ ¸£½¨Ò½¿Æ´óѧ¸½ÊôЭºÍÕý°æ²¶ÓãÓÎÏ·¹Ù·½ÍøÕ¾ÏÂÔØ
É󤣺Ö÷ÒªÑо¿Éñ¾­ÏµÍ³¼²»¼µÄÕï¶ÏºÍÕý°æ²¶ÓãÓÎÏ·¹Ù·½ÍøÕ¾´óÈ«£¬ÓÈÆäÊÇÏÔ΢ÊÖÊõµÈ΢´´Õý°æ²¶ÓãÓÎÏ·¹Ù·½ÍøÕ¾´óÈ«Éñ¾­ÏµÍ³´´ÉË¡¢Ö×ÁöºÍѪ¹ÜÐÔ¼²²¡¡£

²¡ÇéÆÀ¹À£º²¡ÕߵIJ¡ÇéÐèÒªÎȶ¨£¬ÓÈÆäÊǵͷçÏÕ×éµÄ²¡Õߣ¬ËûÃÇͨ³£ÓÐÆ¶ÑªºÍѪС°å¼õÉÙµÈÖ¢×´¡£ÕâЩ²¡Õßͨ³£ÐèÒª³¤ÆÚÃÅÕ︴²é¡£¸ù¾ÝѪ³£¹æ£¬ËûÃÇ¿ÉÄÜÐèÒªÖØÐ¼ì²é¹ÇËè¡£µÍ·çÏÕ×éÖеÄһЩ²¡ÕßµÄ×´¿ö¸ù±¾²»»á¼ÌÐø¸ÄÉÆ£¬²¢ÇÒ×ÜÊÇÎȶ¨µÄ¡£²¡ÕßÐèÒª·ÅËÉ£¬ÐÅÈÎÒ½Éú£¬²¢¶¨ÆÚÅäºÏÒ½ÉúµÄ¼ì²éºÍÕý°æ²¶ÓãÓÎÏ·¹Ù·½ÍøÕ¾´óÈ«¡£¸ßΣÈËȺ»òÓпÉÄÜת»¯Îª°×Ѫ²¡µÄ²¡Õߣ¬Ó¦½øÐл¯ÁÆ¡£

³Â¾ýÌî
³Â¾ýÌî Ö÷ÈÎҽʦ ÉÇÍ·´óѧҽѧԺµÚÒ»¸½ÊôÕý°æ²¶ÓãÓÎÏ·¹Ù·½ÍøÕ¾ÏÂÔØ
É󤣺賦¡¢ÒÈÍâ¿Æ¡¢ðÞÆøÐÂÁÆ·¨£¬ÖÌ´¯ÐÂÁÆ·¨£¬¾±²¿¼²²¡£¬ÈéÏÙ¼²²¡£¬¸Î¡¢µ¨¡¢¼²²¡¡£

²¡ÇéÆÀ¹À£º¹ÇËèÑ׵ϰ£¬Èç¹ûÓÃÍâ·óµÄÒ©ÎïµÄ»°£¬Õâ¸öÒ»°ãÇé¿öÏÂÀ´ËµÈ·ÊµÊÇûÓÐÕý°æ²¶ÓãÓÎÏ·¹Ù·½ÍøÕ¾´óÈ«ºÃ°ì·¨¿ÉÒÔÕý°æ²¶ÓãÓÎÏ·¹Ù·½ÍøÕ¾´óÈ«ºÃµÄ£¬ËùÒÔ˵ÎÒ½¨ÒéÄãÊ×ÏÈÕâÖÖÇé¿öÈç¹ûÐγÉËÀ¹ÇµÄ»°£¬ÒªÇпªÒýÁ÷²Å¿ÉÒԵ쬶øÇÒ¾Ö²¿ÒªÖƶ¯µÄ£¬Èç¹ûÒ»Ö±Õý°æ²¶ÓãÓÎÏ·¹Ù·½ÍøÕ¾´óÈ«²»ºÃµÄ»°¡£¿ÉÄÜÓгöÏÖ½ØÖ«ÌåµÄΣÏÕÐÔ´æÔڵ쬲»¹ÜÄãÓÃÈκεÄÒ©Îï½øÐÐÕý°æ²¶ÓãÓÎÏ·¹Ù·½ÍøÕ¾´óÈ«µÄ»°£¬¶¼ÊÇûÓÐÓõÄ¡£

ÕÅÏÜ
ÕÅÏÜ ¸±Ö÷ÈÎҽʦ Íâ¿Æ Î÷°²Êкì»áÕý°æ²¶ÓãÓÎÏ·¹Ù·½ÍøÕ¾ÏÂÔØ
É󤣺Ô˶¯ËðÉ˵ÄÕïÖμ°ÒԹؽھµÎªÖ÷µÄ΢´´Õý°æ²¶ÓãÓÎÏ·¹Ù·½ÍøÕ¾´óÈ«¡£

²¡ÇéÆÀ¹À£ºÂýÐÔ¹ÇËèÑ׵ĵäÐͱíÏÖÊÇ£º1.»á³öÏÖ¹ÇÍ·ÌÛÍ´£¬ÐÐ×ßÀ§ÄÑ¡£2.»¹»á³öÏÖ·¢ÈÈ»òÕßÊÇ·¢À䣬¾Ö²¿»á³öÏÖÃ÷ÏԵĺìÖס£ÑÏÖØµÄ»¹ÓпÉÄÜ»á³öÏÖÏûÊÝºÍÆ£·¦µÄÇé¿ö·¢Éú£¬¹ÇËèÑ×ÊÇÓÉÓÚ¼±ÐÔѪԴÐÔ¹ÇËèËùÒýÆðµÄÒ»ÖÖ¼²²¡£¬Ò»¶¨Òª×¢Òâ¾Ö²¿µÄÎÀÉú£¬Ò²¿ÉÒÔͨ¹ýÈȷ󻺽âÌÛÍ´¡£

ÉÛÓÀÏé
ÉÛÓÀÏé ¸±Ö÷ÈÎҽʦ Íâ¿Æ Ò˱öÊеڶþÈËÃñÕý°æ²¶ÓãÓÎÏ·¹Ù·½ÍøÕ¾ÏÂÔØ
É󤣺¶¯ÂöÁö¡¢Ñª¹Ü»ûÐΡ¢´¹ÌåÁö¡¢Èý²æÉñ¾­Í´¡¢ÌýÉñ¾­Áö¡¢ÄÔ½ºÖÊÁö¡¢ÄÔĤÁö¡¢¼¹Ëè¼²²¡¡¢Â­ÄÔËðÉË¡¢¸ßѪѹÄÔ³öѪ¡¢ÖëÍøÄ¤ÄÒÖ×µÈÉñ¾­Íâ¿Æ¼²²¡µÄÕïÖΡ£

²¡ÇéÆÀ¹À£º¼±ÐÔºá¹áÐÔ¼¹ËèÑ×ÊÇÒ»ÖÖ¼¹ËèµÄ¼±ÐÔÑ×Ö¢ÐÔ¼²²¡£¬»¤Àí¹ý³ÌÉæ¼°¶à·½ÃæµÄ×¢ÒâÊÂÏîºÍ´ëÊ©£¬ÒÔÈ·±£»¼ÕߵݲȫºÍ¼ÓËÙ¿µ¸´¡£1.ÔçÆÚʶ±ðºÍÒ½ÁƸÉÔ¤¼°Ê±¾ÍÒ½£ºÒ»µ©³öÏָоõÒì³£¡¢¼¡ÈâÎÞÁ¦»ò´óС±ãʧ½ûµÈÖ¢×´£¬Ó¦¾¡Ôç¾ÍÒ½¡£Õï¶ÏÓëÕý°æ²¶ÓãÓÎÏ·¹Ù·½ÍøÕ¾´óÈ«£ºÒ½Éúͨ³£»áͨ¹ýºË´Å¹²Õñ³ÉÏñ£¨MRI£©¡¢Ñü×µ´©´ÌµÈ·½·¨½øÐÐÕï¶Ï£¬²¢¿ÉÄÜʹÓÃÀà¹Ì´¼¼¤ËØ¡¢ÃâÒßÒÖÖÆ¼ÁµÈÒ©ÎïÕý°æ²¶ÓãÓÎÏ·¹Ù·½ÍøÕ¾´óÈ«¡£2.²¡Çé¼à¿Ø¶¨Ê±¼à²âÉúÃüÌåÕ÷£º°üÀ¨ÑªÑ¹¡¢ÐÄÂÊ¡¢ºôÎüƵÂʵÈ¡£¹Û²ìÉñ¾­¹¦Äܱ仯£º¶¨ÆÚÆÀ¹ÀÖ«ÌåÁ¦Á¿¡¢¸Ð¾õ¹¦Äܺͷ´ÉäÇé¿ö¡£3.ÎÔ´²ÐÝÏ¢ÓëÌåλ¹ÜÀí±£³ÖÊʵ±Ìåλ£º±ÜÃⳤʱ¼ä±£³ÖÒ»¸ö×ËÊÆ£¬¶¨ÆÚ°ïÖú»¼Õß·­Éí£¬ÒÔ·Àֹѹ´¯ÐγÉ¡£Ê¹ÓúÏÊʵĴ²µæºÍÕíÍ·£º¼õÇáѹÁ¦µã£¬Ìá¹©ÊæÊʵÄÖ§³Å¡£4.Ƥ·ô»¤Àí·Àֹѹ´¯£ºÃ¿2Сʱ°ïÖú»¼Õß·­ÉíÒ»´Î¡£×¢ÒâÆ¤·ôÇå½à¸ÉÔʹÓû¤·ôÆ·±£³ÖƤ·ôÍêÕûÐÔ¡£¹Û²ìƤ·ô×´¿ö£º·¢ÏÖºìÖס¢ÆÆÀ£µÈÇé¿ö¼°Ê±´¦Àí¡£5.ÓªÑøÖ§³ÖÌṩ¾ùºâÒûʳ£º±£Ö¤³ä×ãµÄµ°°×ÖÊ¡¢Î¬ÉúËØºÍ¿óÎïÖÊÉãÈ룬ÓÐÖúÓÚ×éÖ¯ÐÞ¸´ºÍÃâÒß¹¦ÄܵÄά³Ö¡£±ØÒªÊ±½øÐÐθ¹Üιʳ£º¶ÔÓÚÍÌÑÊÀ§ÄѵϼÕߣ¬¿ÉÒÔ¿¼ÂÇʹÓñÇθ¹Ü½øÐÐÓªÑøÖ§³Ö¡£6.ÐÄÀíÖ§³ÖÌṩÇé¸ÐÖ§³Ö£º¹ÄÀø»¼Õß±í´ïÄÚÐĸÐÊÜ£¬¸øÓè»ý¼«µÄÐÄÀí°²Î¿¡£½øÐÐÐÄÀí¸¨µ¼£ºÈçÓÐÐèÒª£¬¿ÉÇëרҵÐÄÀíÒ½Éú½øÐÐ×Éѯ¡£7.¿µ¸´ÑµÁ·ÎïÀíÕý°æ²¶ÓãÓÎÏ·¹Ù·½ÍøÕ¾´óÈ«£ºÔÚ²¡ÇéÎȶ¨ºó£¬¿ªÊ¼½øÐб»¶¯ºÍÖ÷¶¯µÄÖ«ÌåÔ˶¯£¬ÒÔ·ÀÖ¹¼¡ÈâήËõºÍ¹Ø½Ú½©Ó²¡£¹¦ÄÜѵÁ·£º¸ù¾Ý»¼ÕߵľßÌåÇé¿ö£¬½øÐÐ×øÁ¢¡¢ÐÐ×ߵȹ¦ÄÜÐԵĿµ¸´ÑµÁ·¡£8.ÅÅй¹ÜÀí¹ÜÀíÄòÒººÍ´ó±ã£º¶¨ÆÚΪ»¼Õß½øÐе¼ÄòºÍ¹à³¦£¬Ô¤·ÀÄò·¸ÐȾºÍ±ãÃØ¡£9.¼ÒÍ¥»¤ÀíÖ¸µ¼Åàѵ¼ÒÊô£º½Ìµ¼¼ÒÊôÈçºÎ½øÐлù±¾»¤Àí²Ù×÷£¬È·±£»¼ÕßÔÚ³öÔººóµÄ¼ÒÍ¥»¤ÀíÖÊÁ¿¡£10.Ô¤·À²¢·¢Ö¢×¢ÒâºôÎüµÀ¹ÜÀí£º·ÀÖ¹·Î²¿¸ÐȾ£¬ÈçÓÐ̵ҺӦ¼°Ê±Îü̵¡£¹Ø×¢Ñ­»·ÏµÍ³£º±ÜÃâÉî¾²ÂöѪ˨µÄÐγÉ£¬¿ÉÒÔʹÓÿ¹ÄýÒ©Îï»ò½øÐÐÏÂÖ«°´Ä¦¡£»¤Àí¼±ÐÔºá¹áÐÔ¼¹ËèÑ×»¼ÕßÐèÈ«·½Î»¡¢¶à½Ç¶ÈµØ½øÐУ¬´ÓÔçÆÚʶ±ðµ½³öÔººóµÄ¿µ¸´¼°¼ÒÍ¥»¤Àí£¬Ã¿Ò»¸ö»·½Ú¶¼ÖÁ¹ØÖØÒª¡£

Àî±£¾ü
Àî±£¾ü ҽʦ Íâ¿Æ Ùð¿óµÚÈýÕý°æ²¶ÓãÓÎÏ·¹Ù·½ÍøÕ¾ÏÂÔØ
É󤣺ËÄÖ«¹ÇÕÛ¡¢¾±¼çÑüÍÈÍ´

²¡Çé·ÖÎö£º¹ÇËèÒÖÖÆ·Ö¶ÈÖ÷Òª±íÏÖ¾ÍÊǰ×ϸ°û½µµÍ£¬Ò»°ã¹ÇËèÒÖÖÆÊÇ»¯ÁƳ£¼ûµÄ¶¾¸±×÷Ó㬿ÉÒÔÅäºÏÖÐÒ©¼õÇáÕâ·½Ãæ¶¾¸±×÷Óã¬×¢ÒâÆ½Ê±µÄÒûʳϰ¹ß¡£½¨Òé·½°¸£ºÎҵĽ¨ÒéÊÇÄãÒª¼ÓÇ¿¶ÍÁ¶ÉíÌ壬ÔöÇ¿µÖ¿¹Á¦£¬Í¬Ê±×¢ÒâÐÝÏ¢£¬Òª¶à³ÔÒ»Ð©ÓªÑøµÄʳÎÔÚÒ½ÉúµÄÖ¸µ¼Ï½øÐÐÓÃÒ©£¬×£Äú½¡¿µ¡£

Áõ¿¡
Áõ¿¡ ¸±Ö÷ÈÎҽʦ Íâ¿Æ ÖØÇìÐÂÇÅÕý°æ²¶ÓãÓÎÏ·¹Ù·½ÍøÕ¾ÏÂÔØ
É󤣺­ÄÔËðÉË¡¢Â­ÄÚÖ×ÁöºÍ¼¹ËèÖ×ÁöµÄÊÖÊõÕý°æ²¶ÓãÓÎÏ·¹Ù·½ÍøÕ¾´óÈ«£¬ÄÔѪ¹Ü²¡ºÍ¼¹ËèѪ¹Ü²¡µÄÊÖÊõºÍ½éÈë˨ÈûÕý°æ²¶ÓãÓÎÏ·¹Ù·½ÍøÕ¾´óÈ«¡£

²¡Çé·ÖÎö£ºÊÖÖ¸µÃÁ˹ÇËèÑ×£¬½¨ÒéÈ¥Õý°æ²¶ÓãÓÎÏ·¹Ù·½ÍøÕ¾ÏÂÔØ»¯ÑéѪ³£¹æÑª³ÁºÍcrp¡£Èç¹ûÊǼ±ÐÔÊÖÖ¸¹ÇËèÑ×£¬¾¡Á¿ÐзÖÃÚÎïϸ¾úÅàÑøÑ¡ÔñÏà¹ØµÄÒ©ÎïÕý°æ²¶ÓãÓÎÏ·¹Ù·½ÍøÕ¾´óÈ«¡£½¨Òé·½°¸£º¿ÉÒÔ½øÐÐÊÖÊõÇпªÒýÁ÷³åÏ´£¬½øÐÐÉ˿ڿª·Å»»Ò©´¦Àí¡£Èç¹ûûÓпØÖÆ£¬²¢ÇÒÑ×Ö¢ÓÐÀ©É¢µÄ¼£Ïó£¬ÄÇ¿ÉÒÔ¿¼ÂÇͨ¹ý½ØÖ¸ÊÖÊõÕý°æ²¶ÓãÓÎÏ·¹Ù·½ÍøÕ¾´óÈ«¡£

ÑîÈÙ»ª
ÑîÈÙ»ª Ö÷ÈÎҽʦ Íâ¿Æ ºþÖÝÊÐÖÐÐÄÕý°æ²¶ÓãÓÎÏ·¹Ù·½ÍøÕ¾ÏÂÔØ
É󤣺ÉöÓÛ¡¢ÊäÄò¹ÜÇпªÈ¡Ê¯¡¢Éö¡¢Éö²¿·ÖÇгý¡¢ÊäÉöÖ×Áö¡¢°òë×Ö×Áö¡¢ÉöÄÒÖ×ÊÖÊõ¡¢ÉöÉÏÏÙÇгýµÈÊÖÊõ£¬ÊäÄò¹ÜÔÙÖ²³ÉÐΣ¬Ç°ÁÐÏÙÇгý£¬ÄòµÀÐÞ²¹µÈ¢ó£­¢ôÀàÊÖÊõ¡£ÕÆÎÕÉö¶¯Âö˨ÈûÕý°æ²¶ÓãÓÎÏ·¹Ù·½ÍøÕ¾´óÈ«ÉöÆÆÁÑ£¬ÊäÄò¹ÜÄæÐвå¹ÜÕý°æ²¶ÓãÓÎÏ·¹Ù·½ÍøÕ¾´óÈ«ÉöË¥£¬µç»¯Ñ§Õý°æ²¶ÓãÓÎÏ·¹Ù·½ÍøÕ¾´óȫǰÁÐÏÙÔöÉúµÈÐÂÏîÄ¿¡£

²¡ÇéÆÀ¹À£ºÑÀ³Ý¹ÇËèÑ×µÄÕý°æ²¶ÓãÓÎÏ·¹Ù·½ÍøÕ¾´óÈ«°üÀ¨Ò©ÎïÕý°æ²¶ÓãÓÎÏ·¹Ù·½ÍøÕ¾´óÈ«¡¢ÇпªÒýÁ÷µÈ¡£Ò©ÎïÖ÷ÒªÊÊÓÃÓÚ¼±ÐÔÑÀ¹ÇËèÑ× £¬¿¹ÉúËØÐèÒª¾²Âö×¢ÉäÒÔÒÖÖÆÑ×Ö¢¡£Í¬Ê±Ò²¿ÉÒÔ¸ù¾ÝÒ½ÉúµÄ½¨Ò飬¾²Âö×¢ÉäÆÏÌÑÌǺ͵°°×ÖʵÈÓªÑøÒ©ÎÒÔÔöÇ¿ÉíÌåµÄÃâÒßÁ¦ºÍµÖ¿¹Á¦£¬ÓÐÖúÓÚÑÀ³Ý¹ÇËèÑ׵Ļָ´¡£»¹¿ÉÒÔÇпªÒýÁ÷£¬Ö÷ÒªÊÊÓÃÓÚÓоֲ¿Å§Ö×µÄÑÀ¹ÇËèÑס£

Áõ¿¡
Áõ¿¡ ¸±Ö÷ÈÎҽʦ Íâ¿Æ ÖØÇìÐÂÇÅÕý°æ²¶ÓãÓÎÏ·¹Ù·½ÍøÕ¾ÏÂÔØ
É󤣺­ÄÔËðÉË¡¢Â­ÄÚÖ×ÁöºÍ¼¹ËèÖ×ÁöµÄÊÖÊõÕý°æ²¶ÓãÓÎÏ·¹Ù·½ÍøÕ¾´óÈ«£¬ÄÔѪ¹Ü²¡ºÍ¼¹ËèѪ¹Ü²¡µÄÊÖÊõºÍ½éÈë˨ÈûÕý°æ²¶ÓãÓÎÏ·¹Ù·½ÍøÕ¾´óÈ«¡£

²¡ÇéÆÀ¹À£º¼´±ãÊÇÀÏÄêÈ˵ÃÁ˹ÇËèÑ×£¬Ò²»áÓ°Ïìµ½ÀÏÈ˵ÄÖ«Ì幦ÄÜ£¬°üÀ¨ÓÐʱºò¾­³£»áÌÛÍ´£¬²¨¼°µ½¹Ø½ÚÓпÉÄÜ»áÒýÆð»¯Å§ÐԵĹؽÚÑ×£¬»áÒýÆð¹Ø½ÚµÄÕ³Á¬¡¢¹¦ÄÜÕϰ­£¬¼ÓÉϹÇËèÑ×¾­³£»áÓÐÌÛÍ´£¬ËùÒԻᵼÖÂÀÏÄêÈ˼õÉÙһЩ»î¶¯¡£Ð©ÍùÍù¶¼Êǵ¼ÖÂÀÏÄêÈËÊÙÃü¼õÉÙµÄÒ»¸ö×îÖØÒªÒòËØ¡£²»µÃÉÃ×ÔʹÓÃÒ©Îï¡£¸ù¾Ý¼²²¡Çé¿öÔÚÒ½ÉúÖ¸µ¼ÏºÏÀíÓÃÒ©¡£

Àî±£¾ü
Àî±£¾ü ҽʦ Íâ¿Æ Ùð¿óµÚÈýÕý°æ²¶ÓãÓÎÏ·¹Ù·½ÍøÕ¾ÏÂÔØ
É󤣺ËÄÖ«¹ÇÕÛ¡¢¾±¼çÑüÍÈÍ´

²¡ÇéÆÀ¹À£ºÂýÐÔ¹ÇËèÑ×ÊÖÊõºóÄÜÉϰàµÄʱ¼äÒòÈ˶øÒ죬ͨ³£È¡¾öÓÚÊÖÊõÇé¿ö¡¢Êõºó»Ö¸´×´¿ö¡¢¸öÈËÌåÖÊ¡¢¹¤×÷ÐÔÖÊÒÔ¼°ºóÐøÕý°æ²¶ÓãÓÎÏ·¹Ù·½ÍøÕ¾´óÈ«µÈ¡£ÉíÌå²»ÊÊʱ£¬Òª¼°Ê±¿´Ò½Éú£¬¸ù¾ÝÒ½Öö½øÐÐÕý°æ²¶ÓãÓÎÏ·¹Ù·½ÍøÕ¾´óÈ«£¬ÇÐÎð×Ô¼ººúÂÒÓÃÒ©¡£1. ÊÖÊõÇé¿ö£ºÈç¹ûÊÖÊõ¹ý³Ì˳Àû£¬É˿ڴ¦ÀíµÃµ±£¬Ã»ÓгöÏÖ²¢·¢Ö¢£¬ÄÇô»Ö¸´ÉϰàµÄʱ¼ä¿ÉÄÜÏà¶Ô½ÏÔç¡£2. Êõºó»Ö¸´×´¿ö£ºÊõºóÉË¿ÚÓúºÏÁ¼ºÃ£¬Ñ×Ö¢Ö¸±êÖð½¥»Ö¸´Õý³££¬ÉíÌåûÓÐÃ÷ÏÔµÄÌÛÍ´ºÍ²»ÊÊ£¬ÓÐÖúÓÚ¸ü¿ìµØ»Ø¹é¹¤×÷¡£3. ¸öÈËÌåÖÊ£ºÌåÖʽϺã¬ÃâÒßÁ¦Ç¿µÄ»¼Õߣ¬»Ö¸´ËÙ¶ÈÍùÍù¸ü¿ì¡£4. ¹¤×÷ÐÔÖÊ£º´ÓÊÂÇáÌåÁ¦¡¢ÄÔÁ¦¹¤×÷µÄ£¬Ïà¶ÔÄܸüÔç·µ»Ø¸Úλ£»¶øÖØÌåÁ¦ÀͶ¯ÔòÐèÒª¸ü¶àʱ¼ä»Ö¸´¡£5. ºóÐøÕý°æ²¶ÓãÓÎÏ·¹Ù·½ÍøÕ¾´óÈ«£ºÈôÊõºó»¹ÐèÒª½øÐг¤ÆÚµÄÒ©ÎïÕý°æ²¶ÓãÓÎÏ·¹Ù·½ÍøÕ¾´óÈ«»ò¿µ¸´ÑµÁ·£¬Ò²»áÓ°ÏìÉϰàʱ¼ä¡£×ÜÖ®£¬ÂýÐÔ¹ÇËèÑ×»¼ÕßÊÖÊõºóÓ¦»ý¼«ÅäºÏÕý°æ²¶ÓãÓÎÏ·¹Ù·½ÍøÕ¾´óÈ«ºÍ¿µ¸´£¬×ñÑ­Ò½ÉúµÄ½¨Ò飬¸ù¾Ý×ÔÉíʵ¼ÊÇé¿öÀ´¾ö¶¨ºÎʱÉϰ࣬ÒÔÈ·±£ÉíÌåÍêÈ«»Ö¸´£¬±ÜÃⲡÇ鸴·¢¡£

ÉÛÓÀÏé
ÉÛÓÀÏé ¸±Ö÷ÈÎҽʦ Íâ¿Æ Ò˱öÊеڶþÈËÃñÕý°æ²¶ÓãÓÎÏ·¹Ù·½ÍøÕ¾ÏÂÔØ
É󤣺¶¯ÂöÁö¡¢Ñª¹Ü»ûÐΡ¢´¹ÌåÁö¡¢Èý²æÉñ¾­Í´¡¢ÌýÉñ¾­Áö¡¢ÄÔ½ºÖÊÁö¡¢ÄÔĤÁö¡¢¼¹Ëè¼²²¡¡¢Â­ÄÔËðÉË¡¢¸ßѪѹÄÔ³öѪ¡¢ÖëÍøÄ¤ÄÒÖ×µÈÉñ¾­Íâ¿Æ¼²²¡µÄÕïÖΡ£

²¡ÇéÆÀ¹À£º¼±ÐÔѪԴÐÔ¹ÇËèÑ×ÊǾֲ¿¹ÇËðÉËÖ®ºó£¬Å§ÐÔϸ¾úÔÚѪҺÀïÃæÑ­»·Ôì³ÉµÄÒ»ÖÖ¼±ÐÔÑ×Ö¢¡£¼±ÐÔѪԴÐÔ¹ÇËèÑ×ÊÇÒòΪ±¾Éí»¼ÓÐһЩ¼²²¡£¬±ÈÈçÖжúÑס¢±âÌÒÌåÑ×£¬Ôì³Éϸ¾ú½øÈëѪҺ£¬Ñ­»·µ½¹Ç÷ÀÖ®ºóÔì³ÉµÄ¡£µ±»¼Óм±ÐÔѪԴÐÔ¹ÇËèÑ×µÄʱºò£¬»á±íÏÖ³ö¸ßÉÕ¡¢º®Õ½¡¢¶¾ÑªÖ¢£¬Ò»¶¨Òª¼°Ê±µÄ½øÐÐÕý°æ²¶ÓãÓÎÏ·¹Ù·½ÍøÕ¾´óÈ«¡£

¶­Ê¤Àû
¶­Ê¤Àû ¸±Ö÷ÈÎҽʦ Íâ¿Æ ɽÎ÷Ò½¿Æ´óѧµÚ¶þÕý°æ²¶ÓãÓÎÏ·¹Ù·½ÍøÕ¾ÏÂÔØ
É󤣺¸ÎÔàÊÖÊõ£¬µ¨µÀ΢´´ÊÖÊõ£¬¸ÎÓ²»¯ÃÅÂö¸ßѹ֢ÊÖÊõ£¬Î¸³¦µÀÊÖÊõ£¬¸´ÔÓðÞÊÖÊõ£¬¼××´ÏÙÊÖÊõ¡£

²¡ÇéÆÀ¹À£ºÄãºÃ£¬»¼Õß³öÏÖÁ˹ÇËèÑ×£¬ËüÊDz»ÄÜ×ÔÓúµÄ¡£»¼Õß¹ÇËèÑ×Õý°æ²¶ÓãÓÎÏ·¹Ù·½ÍøÕ¾´óÈ«¹Ø¼üÊÇÒªÔçÆÚµÄÕï¶Ï£¬ÔçÆÚµÄÓ¦Ó㬴óÁ¿µÄÓÐЧ¿¹ÉúËØÕý°æ²¶ÓãÓÎÏ·¹Ù·½ÍøÕ¾´óÈ«£¬²¢ÇÒÔÚ¾Ö²¿ÒªÊʵ±µÄ½øÐд¦Àí£¬»¼ÕßÒ»µ©³öÏÖÁËŧÖ×£¬Ò»°ãÒª¼°Ê±µÄ½øÐÐÇпªÒýÁ÷£¬·ÀÖ¹ËÀ¹ÇÐγÉ£¬·ñÔòµÄ»°ÈÝÒ׳öÏÖÂýÐÔ¹ÇËèÑס£

³Ìº£Æ½
³Ìº£Æ½ Ö÷ÈÎҽʦ Íâ¿Æ »ÆÉ½ÊÐÈËÃñÕý°æ²¶ÓãÓÎÏ·¹Ù·½ÍøÕ¾ÏÂÔØ
É󤣺¸Î¡¢µ¨¡¢ÒÈ¡¢Æ¢¡¢Î¸¡¢ÐØ¡¢ÈéÏÙ¡¢¼×׳Ïٵȷ½Ãæ¼²²¡µÄÕïÖΣ¬µ¨¡¢ÒÈ·½Ãæ¼²²¡½øÐÐ΢´´ÕïÖΡ£

²¡ÇéÆÀ¹À£ºÊÓÉñ¾­¼¹ËèÑ×ÊÇÒ»ÖÖÖÐÊàÉñ¾­ÏµÍ³Ñ×ÐÔ¼²²¡£¬¿Éµ¼ÖÂÊÓÉñ¾­ºÍ¼¹ËèÊÜÀÛ£¬¶à¼ûÓÚ5-50ËêÅ®ÐÔȺÌå¡£ÊÓÉñ¾­¼¹ËèÑ׵ijöÏÖͨ³£ÓëÃâÒß¹¦ÄÜÎÉÂÒÓйØ£¬·¢²¡¿ÉÄÜÊÜÒÅ´«¡¢»·¾³¡¢²¡¶¾¸ÐȾµÈÒòËØµÄÓ°Ïì¡£¿ÉÒýÆðÊÓÉñ¾­¡¢¼¹ËèËðÉË£¬³öÏÖÊÓÁ¦Ï½µ¡¢Ô˶¯Õϰ­¡¢Í·ÔΡ¢¶ñÐÄ¡¢ÓïÑÔ±í´ïÄÜÁ¦¼õÍ˵ÈÖ¢×´£¬ÑÏÖØÕ߿ɳöÏÖʧÃ÷¡¢Ì±»¾¡¢ºôÎüË¥½ß¡¢´óС±ãʧ½ûµÈÏÖÏ󣬲¿·Ö»¼Õß¿ÉÄܳöÏÖÄòäóÁô¡¢Äò·¸ÐȾµÈ²¢·¢Ö¢¡£

ÉÛÓÀÏé
ÉÛÓÀÏé ¸±Ö÷ÈÎҽʦ Íâ¿Æ Ò˱öÊеڶþÈËÃñÕý°æ²¶ÓãÓÎÏ·¹Ù·½ÍøÕ¾ÏÂÔØ
É󤣺¶¯ÂöÁö¡¢Ñª¹Ü»ûÐΡ¢´¹ÌåÁö¡¢Èý²æÉñ¾­Í´¡¢ÌýÉñ¾­Áö¡¢ÄÔ½ºÖÊÁö¡¢ÄÔĤÁö¡¢¼¹Ëè¼²²¡¡¢Â­ÄÔËðÉË¡¢¸ßѪѹÄÔ³öѪ¡¢ÖëÍøÄ¤ÄÒÖ×µÈÉñ¾­Íâ¿Æ¼²²¡µÄÕïÖΡ£

²¡ÇéÆÀ¹À£ºÍâÉËÒýÆðµÄ¹ÇËèÑ×£¬ËüµÄDZ·üÆÚÒ»°ãÊÇÔÚ2~10Ìì×óÓÒ¡£¾ßÌåÇé¿öÓ¦¸Ã¾ßÌåÅжÏ£¬²¡ÇéÑÏÖØ³Ì¶È²»Í¬£¬ËüµÄ·¢²¡Ò²ÊDz»Í¬µÄ¡£Èç¹ûÃ÷È·Õï¶ÏµÄ»°£¬Ò»¶¨ÒªÑ¡ÔñÃô¸ÐµÄ¿¹ÉúËØ£¬»ý¼«µÄ¿¹Ñ×£¬¶ÔÖ¢Õý°æ²¶ÓãÓÎÏ·¹Ù·½ÍøÕ¾´óÈ«£¬Í¬Ê±Ó¦¸Ã×¢ÒâÐÝÏ¢£¬±ÜÃâ¹ý¶à»î¶¯¡£

¶­Ê¤Àû
¶­Ê¤Àû ¸±Ö÷ÈÎҽʦ Íâ¿Æ ɽÎ÷Ò½¿Æ´óѧµÚ¶þÕý°æ²¶ÓãÓÎÏ·¹Ù·½ÍøÕ¾ÏÂÔØ
É󤣺¸ÎÔàÊÖÊõ£¬µ¨µÀ΢´´ÊÖÊõ£¬¸ÎÓ²»¯ÃÅÂö¸ßѹ֢ÊÖÊõ£¬Î¸³¦µÀÊÖÊõ£¬¸´ÔÓðÞÊÖÊõ£¬¼××´ÏÙÊÖÊõ¡£

²¡ÇéÆÀ¹À£º¹ÇËèÑ׸´·¢µÄ¸ÅÂÊÒ»°ã²»´ó ¡£¹ÇËèÑ×ÊǹÇÍ·³öÏÖϸ¾ú¸ÐȾµ¼ÖµÄÑ×Ö¢£¬ÔÚÈËÌåÃâÒßÁ¦µÍϵÄʱºò¹ÇÖÊÔâÊÜϸ¾úÇÖÏ®£¬ÈÝÒ×·¢Éú¹ÇÖÊÆÆ»µÒÔ¼°»¯Å§ÐÔÑ×Ö¢¡£¶ÔÓÚÓйÇËèÑ×»ò´´ÉËÊ·µÄ»¼Õߣ¬ÓÈÆäÊÇÓиÐȾʷµÄ»¼Õߣ¬Æäͨ³£»á³öÏÖ¸´·¢ÏÖÏó¡£¶ÔÓÚ¹ÇËèÑ×µÄÕý°æ²¶ÓãÓÎÏ·¹Ù·½ÍøÕ¾´óÈ«¶à²ÉÓÃÊÖÊõÇå´´µÄ·½·¨£¬ÔÙÅäºÏ¿¹ÉúËØÕý°æ²¶ÓãÓÎÏ·¹Ù·½ÍøÕ¾´óÈ«¡£

ÑîÈÙ»ª
ÑîÈÙ»ª Ö÷ÈÎҽʦ Íâ¿Æ ºþÖÝÊÐÖÐÐÄÕý°æ²¶ÓãÓÎÏ·¹Ù·½ÍøÕ¾ÏÂÔØ
É󤣺ÉöÓÛ¡¢ÊäÄò¹ÜÇпªÈ¡Ê¯¡¢Éö¡¢Éö²¿·ÖÇгý¡¢ÊäÉöÖ×Áö¡¢°òë×Ö×Áö¡¢ÉöÄÒÖ×ÊÖÊõ¡¢ÉöÉÏÏÙÇгýµÈÊÖÊõ£¬ÊäÄò¹ÜÔÙÖ²³ÉÐΣ¬Ç°ÁÐÏÙÇгý£¬ÄòµÀÐÞ²¹µÈ¢ó£­¢ôÀàÊÖÊõ¡£ÕÆÎÕÉö¶¯Âö˨ÈûÕý°æ²¶ÓãÓÎÏ·¹Ù·½ÍøÕ¾´óÈ«ÉöÆÆÁÑ£¬ÊäÄò¹ÜÄæÐвå¹ÜÕý°æ²¶ÓãÓÎÏ·¹Ù·½ÍøÕ¾´óÈ«ÉöË¥£¬µç»¯Ñ§Õý°æ²¶ÓãÓÎÏ·¹Ù·½ÍøÕ¾´óȫǰÁÐÏÙÔöÉúµÈÐÂÏîÄ¿¡£
³£¼û¿ÆÊÒ¸ü¶à>
¼²²¡±êÇ©¸ü¶à
  • ¹ÇËèÑ× ¼±ÐÔ¼¹ËèÑ× ÂýÐÔ¹ÇËèÑ× ÊÓÉñ¾­¼¹ËèÑ× »¯Å§ÐÔ¹ÇËèÑ× Ó²»¯ÐÔ¹ÇËèÑ× ¹ÇËèÒÖÖÆ ¼¹ËèÑǼ±ÐÔÁªºÏ±äÐÔ ÂýÐÔ»¯Å§ÐÔ¹ÇËèÑ× Â­¹Ç¹ÇËèÑ× À߹ǹÇËèÑ× ¼¹×µ»¯Å§ÐÔ¹ÇËèÑ×
ÍÆ¼öÎÊ´ð
Õý°æ²¶ÓãÓÎÏ·(Öйú)app¹Ù·½ÏÂÔØ|Õý°æ²¶ÓãÓÎÏ·¹Ù·½ÍøÕ¾